Pre_GI Gene

Some Help

Host: NC_008261 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_008261:3014373 Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: The species type strain, originally isolated from a human gas gangrene patient. Causative agent of gas gangrene. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and other useful compounds. This organism is a causative agent of a wide spectrum of necrotic enterotoxicoses. It also causes such animal diseases as lamb dysentery, ovine enterotoxemia (struck), pulpy kidney disease in lambs and other enterotoxemias in lambs and calves. It is commonly found in the environment (soil, sewage) and in the animal and human gastrointestinal tract as a member of the normal microflora. It is a fast growing (generation time 8-10 min) anaerobic flesh-eater. Active fermentative growth is accompanied by profuse generation of molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide. It is also oxygen tolerant which makes it an easy object to work with in laboratories. C. perfringens have been developed and the species became a model organism in clostridial genetic studies. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. All types produce the alpha toxin (phospholipase C). Type A strains that cause gas gangrene produce alpha toxin, theta (hemolysin), kappa (collagenase), mu (hyaluronidase), nu (DNAse) and neuraminidase which are all the enzymatic factors aiding the bacterium in invading and destruction of the host tissues. Type C strains produce alpha toxin, beta toxin and prefringolysin enteritis. In addition to alpha toxin, Type B strains produce beta toxin, types B and D produce the pore forming epsilon toxin and type E strains produce iota toxin.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
301337630143891014ATPguanido phosphotransferase domain proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30143733014909537hypothetical proteinBLASTP
30149203015375456transcriptional repressorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30155923016245654putative zinc-dependent hydrolaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
301629630179781683Mur ligase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30180963018266171putative ferredoxinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30184353019340906PSP1 domain proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30193433020266924putative DNA polymerase III delta prime subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30202883020617330hypothetical proteinBLASTP
30207743020929156hypothetical proteinBLASTP
30209463021536591guanylate kinase-like proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
302178330231801398OrnLysArg decarboxylaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30232313023407177putative csfB proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
302356330247321170amidohydrolase-like proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30247613025258498hypothetical proteinBLASTP
30255333026477945putative cation transporterQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30265693027450882LD-carboxypeptidase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3027823302789775tRNA-CysQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3027902302797776tRNA-PheQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3029161302923575tRNA-AsnQuickGO ontology
302924230293591185S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
30294103032313290423S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP