Query: NC_009697:3409185 Clostridium botulinum A str. ATCC 19397 chromosome, complete
Start: 3409185, End: 3427472, Length: 18288
Host Lineage: Clostridium botulinum; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria
General Information: Clostridium botulinum A ATCC 19397 (NCTC 4587, NCTC 7272) is a stock, type A toxin-producing, laboratory strain of known toxicity. Produces botulinum, one of the most potent toxins known. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. This organism produces one of the most potent and deadly neurotoxins known, a botulinum toxin that prevents the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, thereby inhibiting muscle contraction and causing paralysis. In most cases the diseased person dies of asphyxiation as a result of paralysis of chest muscles involved in breathing. The spores are heat-resistant and can survive in inadequately heated, prepared, or processed foods. Spores germinate under favorable conditions (anaerobiosis and substrate-rich environment) and bacteria start propagating very rapidly, producing the toxin. Botulinum toxin, and C. botulinum cells, has been found in a wide variety of foods, including canned ones. Almost any food that has a high pH (above 4.6) can support growth of the bacterium.
Islands with an asterisk (*) contain ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!
Subject Island | Start | End | Length | Subject Host Description | E-value | Bit score | Visual BLASTN | Visual BLASTP |
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NC_010520:3526883* | 3526883 | 3551235 | 24353 | Clostridium botulinum A3 str. Loch Maree, complete genome | 0 | 2391 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_021182:1654903 | 1654903 | 1676782 | 21880 | Clostridium pasteurianum BC1, complete genome | 2e-120 | 440 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_018643:482676* | 482676 | 502241 | 19566 | Alpha proteobacterium HIMB5 chromosome, complete genome | 5e-35 | 157 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_014393:1901688 | 1901688 | 1921797 | 20110 | Clostridium cellulovorans 743B chromosome, complete genome | 3e-21 | 111 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_007205:841818* | 841818 | 864606 | 22789 | Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062, complete genome | 6e-19 | 103 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_004722:4405363* | 4405363 | 4437599 | 32237 | Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, complete genome | 1e-17 | 99.6 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_009012:3224000* | 3224000 | 3242687 | 18688 | Clostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405, complete genome | 2e-16 | 95.6 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_010001:473354 | 473354 | 491599 | 18246 | Clostridium phytofermentans ISDg, complete genome | 6e-16 | 93.7 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_003997:4273579* | 4273579 | 4291754 | 18176 | Bacillus anthracis str. Ames, complete genome | 2e-15 | 91.7 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_012225:2523262 | 2523262 | 2547580 | 24319 | Brachyspira hyodysenteriae WA1, complete genome | 2e-15 | 91.7 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_003909:4831000* | 4831000 | 4850771 | 19772 | Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987, complete genome | 9e-15 | 89.7 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_014335:4181710* | 4181710 | 4222648 | 40939 | Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. CI chromosome, complete | 6e-13 | 83.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_012472:4255729* | 4255729 | 4296301 | 40573 | Bacillus cereus 03BB102, complete genome | 6e-13 | 83.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_013171:416279 | 416279 | 443242 | 26964 | Anaerococcus prevotii DSM 20548, complete genome | 2e-12 | 81.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_011126:129937* | 129937 | 148099 | 18163 | Hydrogenobaculum sp. Y04AAS1, complete genome | 2e-12 | 81.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_014499:87528* | 87528 | 109050 | 21523 | Candidatus Sulcia muelleri CARI chromosome, complete genome | 9e-12 | 79.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_015557:114648* | 114648 | 151483 | 36836 | Hydrogenobaculum sp. 3684 chromosome, complete genome | 9e-12 | 79.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_015587:114684* | 114684 | 151519 | 36836 | Hydrogenobaculum sp. SHO chromosome, complete genome | 9e-12 | 79.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_020411:114683* | 114683 | 151518 | 36836 | Hydrogenobaculum sp. HO, complete genome | 9e-12 | 79.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_002528:505951 | 505951 | 530936 | 24986 | Buchnera aphidicola str. APS (Acyrthosiphon pisum), complete | 4e-11 | 77.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_011653:1226035* | 1226035 | 1258599 | 32565 | Thermosipho africanus TCF52B, complete genome | 6e-10 | 73.8 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_012440:1215838* | 1215838 | 1248465 | 32628 | Persephonella marina EX-H1, complete genome | 2e-09 | 71.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_011772:4397599* | 4397599 | 4417371 | 19773 | Bacillus cereus G9842, complete genome | 2e-09 | 71.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_008600:4263505* | 4263505 | 4287344 | 23840 | Bacillus thuringiensis str. Al Hakam, complete genome | 2e-09 | 71.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_014004:66631* | 66631 | 88706 | 22076 | Candidatus Sulcia muelleri DMIN chromosome, complete genome | 1e-07 | 65.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_019970:813917 | 813917 | 837069 | 23153 | Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum M0795, complete genome | 1e-07 | 65.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_015391:1323171* | 1323171 | 1346099 | 22929 | Carnobacterium sp. 17-4 chromosome, complete genome | 5e-07 | 63.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_003909:4209385* | 4209385 | 4232416 | 23032 | Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987, complete genome | 5e-07 | 63.9 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_015682:736746* | 736746 | 766035 | 29290 | Thermodesulfobacterium sp. OPB45 chromosome, complete genome | 8e-06 | 60 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_015555:1450704* | 1450704 | 1468421 | 17718 | Thermoanaerobacterium xylanolyticum LX-11 chromosome, complete | 8e-06 | 60 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_011661:1100576* | 1100576 | 1120316 | 19741 | Dictyoglomus turgidum DSM 6724, complete genome | 8e-06 | 60 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_010003:1577934* | 1577934 | 1595795 | 17862 | Petrotoga mobilis SJ95, complete genome | 8e-06 | 60 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |
NC_008710:621822* | 621822 | 661599 | 39778 | Borrelia turicatae 91E135, complete genome | 8e-06 | 60 | BLASTN svg | BLASTP svg |