Pre_GI Gene

Some Help

Host: NC_010674 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_010674:222016 Clostridium botulinum B str. Eklund 17B, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium botulinum; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: Clostridium botulinum B str. Eklund 17B is a nonproteolytic botulism neurotoxin B strain. This strain was isolated from marine sediments taken off the coast of Washington, USA and was not associated with botulism. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. This organism produces one of the most potent and deadly neurotoxins known, a botulinum toxin that prevents the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, thereby inhibiting muscle contraction and causing paralysis. In most cases the diseased person dies of asphyxiation as a result of paralysis of chest muscles involved in breathing. The spores are heat-resistant and can survive in inadequately heated, prepared, or processed foods. Spores germinate under favorable conditions (anaerobiosis and substrate-rich environment) and bacteria start propagating very rapidly, producing the toxin.Botulinum toxin, and C. botulinum cells, has been found in a wide variety of foods, including canned ones. Almost any food that has a high pH (above 4.6) can support growth of the bacterium. Honey is the most common vehicle for infection in infants. Food poisoning through C. botulinum is the most frequent type of infection caused by this bacterium. The wound botulism that occurs when C. botulinum infects an individual via an open wound is much rarer and is very similar to tetanus disease. There are several types of botulinum toxin known (type A through type F), all of them being neurotoxic polypeptides. The most common and widely distributed are strains and serovars of C. botulinum that produce type A toxin.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2220162230801065DNA integrity scanning protein DisAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
223125223523399hypothetical proteinBLASTP
2237852248791095pintram domain proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2248982255726752-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2258952276071713prolyl-tRNA synthetaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2276272290391413cysteinyl-tRNA synthetaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
229089229514426ribonuclease IIIQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
229519230379861RNA methyltransferase TrmH family group 3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
230402230914513tetracycline resistance proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
231001231621621RNA polymerase sigma-H factorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
23169923177476tRNA-ThrQuickGO ontology
2318332330261194translation elongation factor TuQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
233389233619231preprotein translocase SecE subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
233657234178522transcription terminationantitermination factor NusGQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
234257234682426ribosomal protein L11QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
234737235426690ribosomal protein L1QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
235637236140504ribosomal protein L10QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
236198236560363ribosomal protein L7L12QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2369252406743750DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2406962442293534DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
244527244904378ribosomal protein S12QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
245050245520471ribosomal protein S7QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2455992476652067translation elongation factor GQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2477592489521194translation elongation factor TuQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
249430249738309ribosomal protein S10QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
249811250440630ribosomal protein L3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
250466251086621ribosomal protein L4L1 familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
251086251382297ribosomal protein L23QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
251442252275834ribosomal protein L2QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
252343252621279ribosomal protein S19QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
252642252977336ribosomal protein L22QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
252996253661666ribosomal protein S3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
253679254113435ribosomal protein L16QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
254113254325213ribosomal protein L29QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
254349254603255ribosomal protein S17QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
254632255000369ribosomal protein L14QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
255016255330315ribosomal protein L24QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
255354255893540ribosomal protein L5QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
255910256095186ribosomal protein S14pS29eQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
256126256524399ribosomal protein S8QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
25659725713954350S ribosomal protein L6QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
257158257520363ribosomal protein L18QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
257540258037498ribosomal protein S5QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
258049258228180ribosomal protein L30QuickGO ontologyBLASTP