Query: NC_014258:127500 Pantoea vagans C9-1 plasmid pPag3, complete sequence Lineage: Pantoea vagans; Pantoea; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Pantoea vagans (strain C9-1) is a Gram-negative enterobacterial plant epiphyte isolated from apple. Pantoea vagans strains have been isolated from eucalyptus leaves showing symptoms of bacterial blightand die-back in Uganda, Uruguay and Argentina and from maize suffering from brown stalk rot in South frica.
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General Information: This strain is a biovar 1 nopaline-producing strain originally isolated from a cherry tree tumor. Strains of Agrobacterium are classified in three biovars based on their utilisation of different carbohydrates and other biochemical tests. The differences between biovars are determined by genes on the single circle of chromosomal DNA. Biovar differences are not particularly relevant to the pathogenicity of A. tumefaciens, except in one respect: biovar 3 is found worldwide as the pathogen of gravevines. This species causes crown gall disease of a wide range of dicotyledonous (broad-leaved) plants, especially members of the rose family such as apple, pear, peach, cherry, almond, raspberry and roses. Because of the way that it infects other organisms, this bacterium has been used as a tool in plant breeding. Any desired genes, such as insecticidal toxin genes or herbicide-resistance genes, can be engineered into the bacterial DNA, and then inserted into the plant genome. This process shortens the conventional plant breeding process, and allows entirely new (non-plant) genes to be engineered into crops.