Query: NC_014212:3206860 Meiothermus silvanus DSM 9946 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Meiothermus silvanus; Meiothermus; Thermaceae; Thermales; Deinococcus-Thermus; Bacteria General Information: Isolation: Hot spring; Country: Portugal; Temp: Thermophile; Temp: 50C; Habitat: Hot spring. An aerobic, thermophilic, nonmotile Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the hot spring located at the end of a 450 m tunnel and from thermal water piped to a spa at Vizela in northern Portugal. M. silvanus is of special interest as it causes colored biofilms in the paper making industry and may thus be of economic importance as a biofouler. M. silvanus has also been detected in the gut of an invasive wood-boring beetle and in seawater adjacent to a Pacillopora meandrina coral colony at Palmyra Atoll.
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General Information: This organism is associated with severe and chronic periodontal (tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth) diseases. Progression of the disease is caused by colonization by this organism in an anaerobic environment in host tissues and severe progression results in loss of the tissues supporting the tooth and eventually loss of the tooth itself. The black pigmentation characteristic of this bacterium comes from iron acquisition that does not use the typical siderophore system of other bacteria but accumulates hemin. Peptides appear to be the predominant carbon and energy source of this organism, perhaps in keeping with its ability to destroy host tissue. Oxygen tolerance systems play a part in establishment of the organism in the oral cavity, including a superoxide dismutase. Pathogenic factors include extracellular adhesins that mediate interactions with other bacteria as well as the extracellular matrix, and a host of degradative enzymes that are responsible for tissue degradation and spread of the organism including the gingipains, which are trypsin-like cysteine proteases.