Query: NC_013173:1671288 Desulfomicrobium baculatum DSM 4028, complete genome
Lineage: Desulfomicrobium baculatum; Desulfomicrobium; Desulfomicrobiaceae; Desulfovibrionales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: Isolation: Manganese ore; Temp: Mesophile; Temp: 28-37C. This organism is a sulfate-reducing anaerobic bacterium which has been isolated from a variety of environmental sources such as manganese ore, freshwater sediment, industrial wastewater, and oil reservoir production waters.
Subject: NC_008149:3251196 Yersinia pestis Nepal516, complete genome
Lineage: Yersinia pestis; Yersinia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: Isolated from a soil sample from Nepal. Causative agent of plague. Specific virulence factors are encoded within pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that are required for the invasive phenotype associated with Yersinia infections. One key virulence plasmid contained by the three human-specific pathogens is pCD1/pYv, which encodes a type III secretion system for the delivery of virulence proteins that contribute to internalization into the host cell. It is the causative agent of plague (bubonic and pulmonary) a devastating disease which has killed millions worldwide. The organism can be transmitted from rats to humans through the bite of an infected flea or from human-to-human through the air during widespread infection. Yersinia pestis is an extremely pathogenic organism that requires very few numbers in order to cause disease, and is often lethal if left untreated. The organism is enteroinvasive, and can survive and propagate in macrophages prior to spreading systemically throughout the host. Yersinia pestis consists of three biotypes or serovars, Antiqua, Mediavalis, and Orientalis, that are associated with three major pandemics throughout human history. pMT1 encodes a protein, murine toxin, that aids rat-to-human transmission by enhancing survival of the organism in the flea midgut. Yersinia pestis also contains a PAI on the chromosome that is similar to the SPI-2 PAI from Salmonella that allows intracellular survival in the organism.