Query: NC_010981:1053533 Wolbachia pipientis, complete genome Lineage: Wolbachia endosymbiont of Culex quinquefasciatus; Wolbachia; Anaplasmataceae; Rickettsiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This bacterial endosymbiont was isolated from the preblastoderm embryos of the Pel strain of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. This group of bacteria are associated with a variety of invertebrate species, some as pathogens, some in a symbiotic or other type of relationship. Typically these organisms are transmitted maternally from mother to daughter transovarially (through the egg) although these bacteria can affect their hosts reproductive capabilities in order to enhance transmission. The net outcome is the increase of hosts carrying the bacteria in the next generation, thereby increasing transmission.
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General Information: This serovar has a narrow host range and causes a typhoid-like (paratyphoid fever) illness in humans. It is especially prevalent in southern and eastern Asia, and has been associated with some particularly virulent outbreaks. A number of isolates are increasingly antibiotic resistant. Causes enteric infections. This group of Enterobactericiae have pathogenic characteristics and are one of the most common causes of enteric infections (food poisoning) worldwide. They were named after the scientist Dr. Daniel Salmon who isolated the first organism, Salmonella choleraesuis, from the intestine of a pig. The presence of several pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that encode various virulence factors allows Salmonella spp. to colonize and infect host organisms. There are two important PAIs, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that encode two different type III secretion systems for the delivery of effector molecules into the host cell that result in internalization of the bacteria which then leads to systemic spread.