Query: NC_009831:1255995 Shewanella sediminis HAW-EB3, complete genome Lineage: Shewanella sediminis; Shewanella; Shewanellaceae; Alteromonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Shewanella sediminis was isolated from sediment taken at a depth of 215 meters from an unexploded-ordinance-dumping site 50 nautical miles from Halifax Harbor, Canada in the Atlantic Ocean. This organism is able to degrade hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) anaerobically at 10 degrees C. RDX is a member of a family of nitramine compounds which are used in the production of explosives. Shewanella are facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, motile by polar flagella, rod-like, and generally associated with aquatic or marine environments.
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General Information: Isolated from a soil sample from Nepal. Causative agent of plague. Specific virulence factors are encoded within pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that are required for the invasive phenotype associated with Yersinia infections. One key virulence plasmid contained by the three human-specific pathogens is pCD1/pYv, which encodes a type III secretion system for the delivery of virulence proteins that contribute to internalization into the host cell. It is the causative agent of plague (bubonic and pulmonary) a devastating disease which has killed millions worldwide. The organism can be transmitted from rats to humans through the bite of an infected flea or from human-to-human through the air during widespread infection. Yersinia pestis is an extremely pathogenic organism that requires very few numbers in order to cause disease, and is often lethal if left untreated. The organism is enteroinvasive, and can survive and propagate in macrophages prior to spreading systemically throughout the host. Yersinia pestis consists of three biotypes or serovars, Antiqua, Mediavalis, and Orientalis, that are associated with three major pandemics throughout human history. pMT1 encodes a protein, murine toxin, that aids rat-to-human transmission by enhancing survival of the organism in the flea midgut. Yersinia pestis also contains a PAI on the chromosome that is similar to the SPI-2 PAI from Salmonella that allows intracellular survival in the organism.