Query: NC_009511:2726296 Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Sphingomonas wittichii; Sphingomonas; Sphingomonadaceae; Sphingomonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Sphingomonas wittichii was isolated from water from the Elbe River in Germany. This organism is able to grow using dibenzo-p-dioxin or dibenzofuran as a sole carbon source. These compounds are widespread environmental contaminants formed as by-products in the manufacture of pesticides and paper, and during the incineration of industrial waste. The enzymes involved in degradation of these substrates is contained, in part, on plasmids in Sphingomonas wittichii.
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General Information: This strain was isolated from a culture of the dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida CCMP1830 which has been implicated in many large scale algal blooms resulting in increased mortality in fish. The bacteria are attached to the surface of the dinoflagellate and in some ways allow the dinoflagellate to grow as those lacking the bacteria die off. The bacterium also chemotaxes towards the dinoflagellate product DMSP (dimethylsulfoniopropionate) and metabolizes it. DMSP is a major source of sulfur in marine ecosystems and plays a role in the sulfur biogeochemical cycle. The implication is a tight association between these important dinoflagellates and this marine bacterium.