Query: NC_007650:420745 Burkholderia thailandensis E264 chromosome II, complete sequence Lineage: Burkholderia thailandensis; Burkholderia; Burkholderiaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This organism was originally isolated from a rice field sample in Thailand. Burkholderia thailandensis is a common soil saprophyte (lives on decaying organic matter in the soil). This bacterium is very similar to the human and animal pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei but appears to be avirulent. Distinguishing the two organisms is very difficult and may depend on using monoclonal antibodies to detect differences in exopolysaccharide production.
- Sequence; - BLASTP hit: hover for score (Low score = Light, High score = Dark); - hypothetical protein; - cds: hover for description
General Information: This genus is named for the Japanese scientist (Shiga) who discovered them in the 1890s. They are closely related to the Escherichia group, and may be considered the same species. Shigella spp. are human-specific pathogens that are transmitted via contaminated food and water and are the leading causes of endemic bacillary dysentery, and over 1 million deaths worldwide are attributed to them. The bacteria infect the epithelial lining of the colon, causing acute inflammation by entering the host cell cytoplasm and spreading intercellularly. are extremely virulent organisms that require very few cells in order to cause disease. Both the type III secretion system, which delivers effector molecules into the host cell, and some of the translocated effectors such as the invasion plasmid antigens (Ipas), are encoded on the plasmid. The bacterium produces a surface protein that localizes to one pole of the cell (IcsA) which binds to and promotes actin polymerization, resulting in movement of the bacterium through the cell cytoplasm, and eventually to neighboring cells, which results in inflammatory destruction of the mucosal lining. This organism, along with Shigella sonnei, is the major cause of shigellosis in industrialized countries and is responsible for endemic infections.