Query: NC_010424:1563033 Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator MP104C, complete genome
Lineage: Desulforudis audaxviator; Desulforudis; Peptococcaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria
General Information: Its genome indicates a motile, sporulating, sulfate-reducing, chemoautotrophic thermophile that can fix its own nitrogen and carbon by using machinery shared with archaea. Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator is a gram positive sulfate reducing bacteria identified in fracture water from a borehole at a depth of 2.8 km in a South African gold mine. Water from these boreholes is very old (low-biodiversity fracture water), suggesting that these bacteria have been isolated from the Earth's surface for as much as several million years.
Subject: NC_004545:499709 Buchnera aphidicola str. Bp (Baizongia pistaciae), complete genome
Lineage: Buchnera aphidicola; Buchnera; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: This organism is found in the aphid Baizongia pistaciae. Aphid endosymbiont. It is believed that the Buchnera provide the essential nutrients the host lacks. Besides a nutritional co-dependence, due to a co-existence of millions of years, Buchnera have lost the ability to produce cell surface components such as lipopolysaccharides. This makes for an obligate endosymbiont relationship between host and Buchnera. Buchnera are prokaryotic cells which belong to the gamma-Proteobacteria, closely related to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Phylogenetic studies using 16S rRNA indicate that the symbiotic relationship was established around 200-250 million years ago. Since Buchnera are closely related to Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae, comparative genomic studies can shed light on the evolutionary mechanisms of intracellular endosymbiosis as well as the different underlying molecular basis between organisms with parasitic behavior and symbionts.