Query: NC_010322:29983 Pseudomonas putida GB-1 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Pseudomonas putida; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Pseudomonas putida strain GB-1, a fresh water, Gram-negative gamma-proteobacterium, is a genetically tractable, robust manganese (Mn) oxidizer, and as such, is an ideal model for unraveling the catalytic mechanism for, and the molecular regulation of Mn(IV) oxide production and its eventual accumulation on the cell surface at the onset of stationary phase. Since its isolation from Green Bay nearly 20 years ago by Ken Nealson’s group (then at the Center for Great Lakes Studies, Univ. Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA), it has been the non spore-forming, model organism (along with the closely-related strain MnB1) for molecular genetic studies of Mn(II) oxidization, protein transport and biofilm formation and for biochemical studies on protein purification and Mn(III)-pyoverdine binding. Bacteria belonging to the Pseudomonas group are common inhabitants of soil and water and can also be found on the surfaces of plants and animals. Pseudomonas bacteria are found in nature in a biofilm or in planktonic form. Pseudomonas bacteria are renowned for their metabolic versatility as they can grow under a variety of growth conditions and do not need any organic growth factors. As they are metabolically versatile, and well characterized, it makes them great candidates for biocatalysis, bioremediation and other agricultural applications. Certain strains have been used in the production of bioplastics.
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General Information: This strain is the isolate from the initial event of Legionellosis in Philadelphia, USA. Causes Legionnaire's disease. This organism is a non-marine bacterium usually found growing inside other organisms such as protozoans in aquatic environments. They can also be found in soil, freshwater, and in biofilms. The cause of the disease was traced to Legionella bacteria. Once the bacteria are brought into the lungs they make contact with alveolar macrophages and are internalized where they can cause severe respiratory distress. Internalization occurs through specialized vacuoles (replicative phagosomes) that allow the bacteria to grow and replicate prior to escape from the macrophage. Formation of the replicative phagosome, which requires reprogramming of the normal phagosome maturation pathway, requires a type IV secretion system called the Dot/Icm system. This type IV system is closely related to the conjugative system of plasmid ColIb-P9, and is involved in the secretion of numerous protein components that aid in formation of the replicative phagosome. Other virulence determinants include a set of multidrug transporters and other efflux pumps for toxic compounds that may allow the organism to persist in its habitat, a set of LPS phase variable genes that enhance immune evasion, and a type II secretion system for transport of hydrolases.