Query: NC_008800:1090000 Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica 8081 chromosome,
Lineage: Yersinia enterocolitica; Yersinia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: This isolate (strain 8081; NCTC 13174) is a mouse-lethal serotype of Yersinia enterocolitica that contains a high pathogenicity island (HPI) that encodes an iron uptake system (yersiniabactin) and a type II secretion system. Causes gastroenteritis. Specific virulence factors are encoded within pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that are required for the invasive phenotype associated with Yersinia infections. One key virulence plasmid contained by the three human-specific pathogens is pCD1/pYv, which encodes a type III secretion system for the delivery of virulence proteins that contribute to internalization into the host cell. This species is a food and waterborn pathogen that causes gastroenteritis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestine) and is able to proliferate at temperatures as low as 4 degrees C.
Subject: NC_009801:2898426 Escherichia coli E24377A, complete genome
Lineage: Escherichia coli; Escherichia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: ETEC is the leading cause of traveler's diarrhea, characterized by a large volume of watery diarrhea. ETEC primarily colonizes the small intestine by way of the pili. This organism was named for its discoverer, Theodore Escherich, and is one of the premier model organisms used in the study of bacterial genetics, physiology, and biochemistry. This enteric organism is typically present in the lower intestine of humans, where it is the dominant facultative anaerobe present, but it is only one minor constituent of the complete intestinal microflora. E. coli, is capable of causing various diseases in its host, especially when they acquire virulence traits. E. coli can cause urinary tract infections, neonatal meningitis, and many different intestinal diseases, usually by attaching to the host cell and introducing toxins that disrupt normal cellular processes.