Query: NC_021508:745388 Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum SS14, complete genome Lineage: Treponema pallidum; Treponema; Spirochaetaceae; Spirochaetales; Spirochaetes; Bacteria General Information: This organisms is divided into subspecies each of which causes a specific disease. pallidum causes the venereal disease syphilis. pertenue, carateum and endemicum cause the skin infections yaws, pinta and bejel, respectively. Cells are motile, slender, helically shaped flexible organisms, 0.1-0.18 microns in diameter and 6-20 microns long.
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General Information: This strain was isolated from a case of relapsing fever in western Washington, USA. Borrelia hermsii is the causative agent of tick-borne relapsing fever in the western United States and Canada. Borrelia then multiplies rapidly, causing a generalized infection throughout the tick. While feeding, the tick passes the organism into a mammalian host through its infectious saliva. Relapsing fever is characterized by a period of chills, fever, headache, and malaise, an asymptomatic period, followed by another episode of symptoms. This cycle of relapsing is due to changes in the surface proteins of Borrelia, which allow it to avoid detection and removal by the host immune system. This antigenic variation is the result of homologous recombination of silent proteins into an expressed locus, causing partial or complete replacement of one serotype with another. These plasmids carry genes involved in antigenic variation and pathogenicity.