Query: NC_017954:471000 Thermogladius cellulolyticus 1633 chromosome, complete genome
Lineage: Thermogladius cellulolyticus; Thermogladius; Desulfurococcaceae; Desulfurococcales; Crenarchaeota; Archaea
General Information: Obligate anaerobe. Grows optimally at a temperature of 84 deg C and pH 7.1, isolated from the hot spring in the Uzon Caldera in Kamchatka (Russia). Capable of growing by fermentation not only on proteinaceous substrates but also on cellulose. Elemental sulfur is not obligately required but stimulates growth and is reduced to H2S.
Subject: NC_000917:829159 Archaeoglobus fulgidus DSM 4304, complete genome
Lineage: Archaeoglobus fulgidus; Archaeoglobus; Archaeoglobaceae; Archaeoglobales; Euryarchaeota; Archaea
General Information: This is the type strain (DSM 4304) of the Archaeoglobales, and was isolated from a geothermally heated sea floor at Vulcano Island, Italy. Doubling time is four hours under optimal conditions. The organism is an autotrophic or organotrophic sulfate/sulfite respirer. An additional distinguishing characteristic is blue-green fluorescence at 420 nm. This bacterium is the first sulfur-metabolizing organism to have its genome sequence determined. Growth by sulfate reduction is restricted to relatively few groups of prokaryotes; all but one of these are Eubacteria, the exception being the archaeal sulfate reducers in the Archaeoglobales. These organisms are unique in that they are only distantly related to other bacterial sulfate reducers, and because they can grow at extremely high temperatures. The known Archaeoglobales are strict anaerobes, most of which are hyperthermophilic marine sulfate reducers found in hydrothermal environments. High-temperature sulfate reduction by Archaeoglobus species contributes to deep subsurface oil-well 'souring' by iron sulfide, which causes corrosion of iron and steel in oil-and gas-processing systems.