Query: NC_016884:256598 Sulfobacillus acidophilus DSM 10332 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Sulfobacillus acidophilus; Sulfobacillus; Clostridiales Family XVII; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: Country: United Kingdom; Environment: Soil; Isolation: coal spoil heap; Temp: Thermophile; Temp: 45C. Sulfobacillus acidophilus was first isolated from a coal spoil heap in the United Kingdom. This orgainism is an acidophilic sulfur- and iron-oxidizing bacterium capable of autotrophic growth on iron and sulfur.
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General Information: This organism is found in the aphid Baizongia pistaciae. Aphid endosymbiont. It is believed that the Buchnera provide the essential nutrients the host lacks. Besides a nutritional co-dependence, due to a co-existence of millions of years, Buchnera have lost the ability to produce cell surface components such as lipopolysaccharides. This makes for an obligate endosymbiont relationship between host and Buchnera. Buchnera are prokaryotic cells which belong to the gamma-Proteobacteria, closely related to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Phylogenetic studies using 16S rRNA indicate that the symbiotic relationship was established around 200-250 million years ago. Since Buchnera are closely related to Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae, comparative genomic studies can shed light on the evolutionary mechanisms of intracellular endosymbiosis as well as the different underlying molecular basis between organisms with parasitic behavior and symbionts.