Query: NC_015760:343874 Streptococcus salivarius CCHSS3, complete genome Lineage: Streptococcus salivarius; Streptococcus; Streptococcaceae; Lactobacillales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: The commensal bacterium Streptococcus salivarius is predominant specie of the human oropharyngeal tract and exerts an important role in oral ecology. Streptococcus salivarius is an aerobic, gram-positive coccus. This organism is the most common organism isolated from the human oral cavity. Streptococcus salivarius can also be an opportunistic pathogen causing endocarditis, blood infection, and peritonitis. Streptococci are Gram-positive, nonmotile, nonsporeforming, catalase-negative cocci that occur in pairs or chains. Members of this genus vary widely in pathogenic potential. Most streptococci are facultative anaerobes, and some are obligate anaerobes.
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General Information: This red-pigmented organism's name means "strange berry that withstands radiation", marking the fact that this organism is one of the most radiation-resistant known. It can tolerate radiation levels at 1000 times the levels that would kill a human and it was originally isolated in 1956 from a can of meat that had been irradiated with X-rays. The resistance to radiation may reflect its resistance to dessication, which also causes DNA damage. This organism may be of use in cleaning up toxic metals found at nuclear weapons production sites due to the radiation resistance. This bacterium is also a highly efficient transformer, and can readily take up exogenous DNA from the environment, which may also aid DNA repair. This organism carries multiple copies of many DNA repair genes, suggesting a robust system for dealing with DNA damage. The recombination system may rely on multiple copies of various repeat elements found throughout the genome.