Query: NC_015224:1763848 Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica 105.5R(r) chromosome, Lineage: Yersinia enterocolitica; Yersinia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Specific virulence factors are encoded within pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that are required for the invasive phenotype associated with Yersinia infections. One key virulence plasmid contained by the three human-specific pathogens is pCD1/pYv, which encodes a type III secretion system for the delivery of virulence proteins that contribute to internalization into the host cell. This species is a food and waterborn pathogen that causes gastroenteritis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestine) and is able to proliferate at temperatures as low as 4 degrees C.
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General Information: Temp: Mesophile; Habitat: Marine. Strain IFAM 1418 (ATCC 49814) was isolated from the top 5cm of water in Kiel Fjord on the Baltic Sea, Germany in October 1982 and is the type strain for this species. Hirschia baltica has a biphasic life style, which consists of a motile phase of flagellated swarmer cells and a cessile phase in which a long prosthecate is produced at one end of the bacteria through which budding cells emerge. Newly budded cells in turn produce flagella and go through a motile phase and the cycle continues. These organisms can colonize the surfaces of marine environments which enables additional species to colonize at later stages.