Query: NC_014392:848195 Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis OB47 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis; Caldicellulosiruptor; Thermoanaerobacterales Family III; Thermoanaerobacterales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: Country: USA; Environment: Hot spring; Habitat: Fresh water, Hot spring; Isolation: Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park, USA; Temp: 55-85C. This species is an extremely thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, isolated from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park. It is a novel cellulolytic bacteria. Caldicellulosiruptor is a genus of thermophilic gram positive bacteria. These organisms produce a number of thermostable enzymes which may have industrial uses.
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General Information: This strain was isolated from a human skin biopsy in Brazil, and passaged in nude mice and armadillos. The bacterium is a close relative of M. tuberculosis. However, compared to the latter, the genome of M. leprae is smaller due to reductive genome evolution, with many important metabolic activities including siderophore production, part of the oxidative chain, most of the microaerophilic and anaerobic respiratory chains, and numerous catabolic systems and their regulatory circuits eliminated due to extensive recombination events between dispersed repetitive sequences. It is evident that this species has undergone massive genome reduction over time as a result of its parasitic nature, discarding more than half its genes and rendering it the most striking example of genome reduction in a microbial pathogen.