Query: NC_013971:1283942 Erwinia amylovora ATCC 49946 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Erwinia amylovora; Erwinia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This bacterium is the causative agent of Fire Blight, a destructive disease of Maloid fruit trees, such as apple and pear. Outbreaks are sporadic in the Northeast, but result in serious damage to roots, blossoms, fruit, and shoots when they occur. The pathogen overwinters in cankers or in smaller limbs. During early spring, in response to both temperature increases and bud development, the bacteria multiplies and may be seen as a yellowish ooze around the perimeter of the canker. Flies and other insects are attracted to the ooze and disperse the inoculum to other trees in the orchard. This species has recently become resistant to streptomycin, an antibiotic traditionally used in its control.
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General Information: This strain was enriched as a hydrocarbon-oxidizing chlorate-reducer from the Potomac River, Maryland, USA. This organism is the first one to have the capability of benzene oxidation in pure anaerobic culture by coupling it to nitrate reduction which is of importance due to the anaerobic environments often found in bioremediation projects. It can reduce perchlorate and chlorate to chloride. This organism may be used for bioremediation as it can oxidize aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, including benzene, in the absence of oxygen. Benzene is an important pollutant, and is used in many manufacturing processes and is a component of diesel fuel.