Query: NC_013093:1036772 Actinosynnema mirum DSM 43827, complete genome Lineage: Actinosynnema mirum; Actinosynnema; Pseudonocardiaceae; Actinomycetales; Actinobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Isolation: Blade of grass from Raritan River NJ; Country: USA; Temp: Mesophile; Temp: 10-30C; Habitat: Soil. This bacterium produces the antibiotic nocardicin A. Soil dwelling, nonmotile aerobe it has fine hyphae which form aerial and substrate mycelia. Motile spores are borne on synnemata, compact groups of erect hyphae. It produces nocardicin antibiotics and is able to inhibit growth of several Gram-positive bacteria as well as some filamentous fungi and yeasts.
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General Information: This strain was isolated in the USA from the soft tick Ornithodoros turicatae. Borrelia turicatae is the causative agent of tick-borne relapsing fever in the southwestern USA. Ticks become infected with Borrelia while feeding on an infected mammal, usually a rodent or squirrel. Borrelia then multiplies rapidly, causing a generalized infection throughout the tick. While feeding, the tick passes the spirochete into a mammalian host through its infectious saliva. Relapsing fever is characterized by period of chills, fever, headache, and malaise, followed by an asymptomatic, followed by another episode of symptoms. The cycle of relapsing is due to changes in the surface proteins of Borrelia, which allow it to avoid detection and removal by the host immune system. This antigenic variation is the result of homologous recombination of silent proteins into an expressed locus, causing partial or complete replacement of one serotype with another. These plasmids carry genes involved in antigenic variation and pathogenicity.