Query: NC_013009:721823 Neorickettsia risticii str. Illinois, complete genome Lineage: Neorickettsia risticii; Neorickettsia; Anaplasmataceae; Rickettsiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Neorickettsia risticii str. Illinois was isolated from horse blood in Maryland, USA. Neorickettsia risticii, formerly Ehrlichia risticii, is an obligate intracellular bacterium related to the Rickettsia. It can be transmitted from flukes that infest snails, fish or aquatic insects to horses by ingestion. This organism causes Potomac horse fever, also knows as equine monocytic ehrlichiosis, an acute diarrheal disease.
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General Information: This genus, like other Rickettsial organisms such as Neorickettsia and Anaplasma, is composed of obligate intracellular pathogens. The latter is composed of two organisms, Rickettsia prowazekii and Rickettsia typhi. The bacteria are transmitted via an insect, usually a tick, to a host organism, in this case humans, where they target endothelial cells and sometimes macrophages. They attach via an adhesin, rickettsial outer membrane protein A, and are internalized where they persist as cytoplasmically free organisms. Transovarial transmission (from mother to offspring) occurs in the invertebrate host. Rickettsia typhi causes murine typhus and is an obligate intracellular pathogen that infects both the flea vector and hosts such as human, rat, and mouse. In the flea vector, the bacterium penetrates the gut epithelial barrier and is found in the feces which become infective.