Query: NC_012121:1578190 Staphylococcus carnosus subsp. carnosus TM300, complete genome
Lineage: Staphylococcus carnosus; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcaceae; Bacillales; Firmicutes; Bacteria
General Information: This is a Gram positive, nonmotile, nonsporeforming bacterium isolated from dry sausages. Staphylococcus carnosus subsp. carnosus TM300 is used as a meat starter culture and classified as GRAS (generally recognized as safe) organism.
Subject: NC_012560:582011 Azotobacter vinelandii DJ, complete genome
Lineage: Azotobacter vinelandii; Azotobacter; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.