Query: NC_011985:194973 Agrobacterium radiobacter K84 chromosome 1, complete genome Lineage: Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Agrobacterium; Rhizobiaceae; Rhizobiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This strain has been developed for worldwide commercial use to control crown gall. This species is used commercially to control crown gall, a tumorogenic plant disease caused by the ubiquitous soil-borne pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which affects susceptible woody plants worldwide. The pathogen is responsible for nursery and orchard losses among stone fruit trees, grapes, apples, pears, nut trees, caneberries, clematis, hops, kiwifruit, persimmons, roses and many ornamental annuals, trees and shrubs. Infected plants are usually weakened and unproductive due to their damaged root system.
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General Information: This is the type strain (DSM 4304) of the Archaeoglobales, and was isolated from a geothermally heated sea floor at Vulcano Island, Italy. Doubling time is four hours under optimal conditions. The organism is an autotrophic or organotrophic sulfate/sulfite respirer. An additional distinguishing characteristic is blue-green fluorescence at 420 nm. This bacterium is the first sulfur-metabolizing organism to have its genome sequence determined. Growth by sulfate reduction is restricted to relatively few groups of prokaryotes; all but one of these are Eubacteria, the exception being the archaeal sulfate reducers in the Archaeoglobales. These organisms are unique in that they are only distantly related to other bacterial sulfate reducers, and because they can grow at extremely high temperatures. The known Archaeoglobales are strict anaerobes, most of which are hyperthermophilic marine sulfate reducers found in hydrothermal environments. High-temperature sulfate reduction by Archaeoglobus species contributes to deep subsurface oil-well 'souring' by iron sulfide, which causes corrosion of iron and steel in oil-and gas-processing systems.