Query: NC_010994:4071131 Rhizobium etli CIAT 652, complete genome Lineage: Rhizobium etli; Rhizobium; Rhizobiaceae; Rhizobiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: It is a nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria that interacts with the root of the common bean plant Phaseolus vulgaris. The molecular biology and evolution of R. etli and its relation to other nitrogen/fixing symbionts has been well studied. The genomic sequence will provide information on the process of symbiosis, on the genetic systems that allow the survival and adaptations of this bacteria to the soil, and on the evolutionary relationship and the symbiosis origin of this organism.
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General Information: This organism was isolated from the Dead Sea and will provide information on the proteins necessary for adaptation to a high salt environment. Halophilic archaeon. Halobacterial species are obligately halophilic microorganisms that have adapted to optimal growth under conditions of extremely high salinity 10 times that of sea water. They contain a correspondingly high concentration of salts internally and exhibit a variety of unusual and unique molecular characteristics. Since their discovery, extreme halophiles have been studied extensively by chemists, biochemists, microbiologists, and molecular biologists to define both molecular diversity and universal features of life. A notable list of early research milestones on halophiles includes the discovery of a cell envelope composed of an S-layer glycoprotein, archaeol ether lipids and purple membrane, and metabolic and biosynthetic processes operating at saturating salinities. These early discoveries established the value of investigations directed at extremophiles and set the stage for pioneering phylogenetic studies leading to the three-domain view of life and classification of Halobacterium as a member of the archaeal domain. This organism is also know as "Halobacterium of the Dead Sea". Growth occurs in 1.7-5.1 M NaCl with optimum salt concentration of 3.4-3.9 M NaCl. The cytosol of this organism is a supersaturated salt solution in which proteins are soluble and active. This halophile is chemoorganotrophic and able to use a wide variety of compounds as sole carbon and energy sources.