Query: NC_010676:2658495 Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN chromosome 2, complete sequence Lineage: Burkholderia phytofirmans; Burkholderia; Burkholderiaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Burkholderia phytofirmans, isolated from surface-sterilized onion roots, is a plant growth-promoting bacterium. Plants inoculated with this organism have larger root systems and are more resistant to pathogens. Cells are gram-negative, non-sporulating rods that grows in the presence of various sugars. The strain does not produce nitrate or nitrite.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.