Query: NC_010645:558974 Bordetella avium 197N, complete genome Lineage: Bordetella avium; Bordetella; Alcaligenaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This strain is a spontaneous nalidixic acid-resistant derivative of virulent strain 197. This group of organisms is capable of invading the respiratory tract of animals and causing severe diseases. They express a number of virulence factors in order to do this including filamentous hemagglutins for attachment, cytotoxins, and proteins that form a type III secretion system for transport of effector molecules into host cells. This organism infects the respiratory tract of birds, and causes bordetellosis in commercially important animals such as turkeys, resulting in devastating losses every year due to secondary infections.
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General Information: This organism was discovered in 1819 by Bizio who named the organism after the Italian physicist Serrati. It was considered a nonpathogenic organism until late in the 20th century, although pathogenicity was noted as early as 1913. Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic human pathogen that is increasingly associated with life-threatening hospital-acquired infections. It is an environmental organism that has a broad host range, and is capable of infecting vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as plants. In humans, Serratia marcescens can cause meningitis (inflammation of the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord), endocarditis (inflammation of heart muscle) and pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys). Many strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics. Environmental isolates are noted by production of the red pigment prodigiosin.