Query: NC_009922:542500 Alkaliphilus oremlandii OhILAs, complete genome Lineage: Alkaliphilus oremlandii; Alkaliphilus; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: Arsenate-reducing bacterium. Alkaliphilus oremlandii was isolated from Ohio River sediment, USA. This organism can reduce arsenate to arsenite, making it a potential bioremediation agent. It is a versatile strict anaerobic, spore-forming, low G+C gram positive bacterium that can ferment glycerol, fructose, and lactate, as well as respire arsenate and thiosulfate.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.