Query: NC_009616:979861 Thermosipho melanesiensis BI429 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Thermosipho melanesiensis; Thermosipho; Thermotogaceae; Thermotogales; Thermotogae; Bacteria General Information: BI429 (CIP 104789) is the type strain for this species and was isolated from the gills of Bathymodiolus brevior, a deep-sea mussel. The sample was taken from the Lau Basin at the bottom of a black smoker between 1832 and 1887 metres. Thermosipho melanesiensis is a deep-sea thermophilic marine organism closely related to a hot springs isolate, T. africanus.
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General Information: Endosymbiont. Obligate intracellular bacterium infects around 20% of all insect species. Naturally infects Drosophila simulans and induces almost complete cytoplasmic incompatibility in its host. Wolbachia sp. subsp. Drosophila simulans (strain wRi) is an intracellular proteobacterium that infect insects as well as isopods, spiders, scorpions, mites, and filarial nematodes. It is maternally inherited and induces reproductive alterations of insect populations by male killing, feminization, parthenogenesis, or cytoplasmic incompatibility. In insect populations, Wolbachia sp. induce reproductive manipulations to enhance their own spreading. The most frequently observed reproductive abnormality is cytoplasmic incompatibility, where uninfected females are unable to produce offspring with infected males, whereas infected females can produce offspring with both infected and uninfected males, thus creating a reproductive advantage for infected females. Other spectacular effects of Wolbachia sp. infections are male embryo killing, feminization, and parthenogenesis induction.