Query: NC_009454:316000 Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum SI, complete genome Lineage: Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum; Pelotomaculum; Peptococcaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: This type strain was isolated from granular sludge from a thermophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. It was isolated both in pure culture and in co-culture with methanogens. In syntrophic association with hydrogenotrophic methanogens, this species can utilize propionate, ethanol, lactate, ethylene glycol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, 1-pentanol and 1,3-propanediol. This is the first mesophilic, syntropic propionate-oxidizing species known which is not a member of the delta-proteobacteria.
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General Information: Country: United Kingdom; Environment: Ponds; Isolation: Water, most likely pond, Cambridge, UK, 1939; Temp: Mesophile. They form long filaments and can be found worldwide in various aquatic environments as well as some terrestrial ones. These bacteria can form a variety of differentiated cell types, including spore-like cells (akinetes), small motile filaments (hormongia) and most importantly, heterocysts that are nitrogen-producing cells. The heterocyst produces multiple layers outside of its cell wall, shuts down photosystem II in order to inhibit oxygenic photosynthesis and ramps up metabolism in order to use up the oxygen present. Heterocysts donate fixed nitrogen compounds as amino acids to neighboring cells and in return receive a photosynthetically produced carbon source such as sucrose. These organisms produce toxic blooms in aquatic environments that are harmful or fatal to animals and humans due to the various cyanotoxins they produce.