Query: NC_008826:539835 Methylibium petroleiphilum PM1 plasmid RPME01, complete sequence Lineage: Methylibium petroleiphilum; Methylibium; ; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Methylibium petroleiphilum strain PM1 (ATCC BAA-1232) was isolated in 1998 from the biofilter of a treatment plant in an oil refinery in Los Angeles, California, USA. Strain PM1 is capable of degrading aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene and xylenes. Methyl tertiary-butyl ether-degrading bacterium. Methylibium petroleiphilum is a methylotroph (able to utilize reduced one-carbon compounds) able to degrade methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) under aerobic conditions. MTBE is a gasoline additive used as an oxygenate and to raise the octane number.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.