Query: NC_008781:330919 Polaromonas naphthalenivorans CJ2, complete genome Lineage: Polaromonas naphthalenivorans; Polaromonas; Comamonadaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Naphthalene-degrading bacterium. Polaromonas naphthalenivorans was isolated from naphthalene-contaminated, freshwater sediment. This organism is capable of aerobic degradation of naphthalene at temperatures of less than 20 degrees C. Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). PAHs can be toxic and/or carcinogenic, therefore PAH contamination is of considerable concern.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.