Query: NC_007973:2150962 Ralstonia metallidurans CH34 chromosome 1, complete sequence Lineage: Cupriavidus metallidurans; Cupriavidus; Burkholderiaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This strain was first identified in the heavy metal-contaminated sludge of a settling tank in Belgium in the late 1970s. This organism, formerly Ralstonia metallidurans, is capable of growth in the presence of a large number of heavy metals including silver, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, mercury, nickel, lead, thallium, and zinc.
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General Information: Bartonella henselae str. Houston-1 (ATCC 49882) was isolated from human blood in Houston Texas. Causative agent of cat scratch fever. This group of alpha proteobacteria are unique among pathogens in that they cause angiogenic lesions. This organism was identified as the causative agent of cat scratch fever, a disease found commonly in children or in immunocompromised adults. The proliferation of the vascular endothelium (bacillary angiomatosis) is characterisitic of Bartonella infection and results in multiplication of the bacterium's host cells. Infected macrophages are stimulated to release vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin 1 beta, both of which promote angiogenesis. Endothelial cells are also stimulated to grow and divide by direct contact with bacterial cells. In addition, programmed cell death (apoptosis) of endothelial cells is inhibited, combatting a common mechanism eukaryotic cells use to deal with bacterial infection. Other pathogenicity factors include pili and outer membrane adhesins for attachment to host cells.