Query: NC_007963:1370903 Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043, complete genome Lineage: Chromohalobacter salexigens; Chromohalobacter; Halomonadaceae; Oceanospirillales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043 was first isolated from a solar salt facility on Bonaire Island, Netherlands Antilles. A moderate halophile which can grow on a variety of salts. This bacterium is a moderate halophile, yet does not require high concentrations of sodium chloride. The salt requirements of this organism can be met by ions of other salts, such as potassium, rubidium, ammonium, bromide. Several plasmids have been isolated from this organism. Plasmid pMH1 contains genes for resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, and tetracycline. A smaller plasmid, pHE1, which does not code for antibiotic resistance genes, has also been isolated.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.