Query: NC_007912:1173752 Saccharophagus degradans 2-40, complete genome
Lineage: Saccharophagus degradans; Saccharophagus; Alteromonadaceae; Alteromonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: This strain is a marine gamma-proteobacterium that was isolated from decaying Spartina alterniflora, a salt marsh cord grass, in the Chesapeake Bay, USA. Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 has been used to produce ethanol from plant material and may be useful for the production bioethanol. Bacterium able to degrade complex carbohydrates. Saccharophagus degradans is capable of degrading insoluble complex carbohydrates through the collective action of enzyme complexes found on its cell surfaces, utilizing the degradation products as a carbon source. This organism may be useful in bioremediation. The degradative enzymes this organism produces are typically exoenzymes that are collected and organized into large surface complexes termed cellulosomes.
Subject: NC_012416:4973 Wolbachia sp. wRi, complete genome
Lineage: Wolbachia; Wolbachia; Anaplasmataceae; Rickettsiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: Endosymbiont. Obligate intracellular bacterium infects around 20% of all insect species. Naturally infects Drosophila simulans and induces almost complete cytoplasmic incompatibility in its host. Wolbachia sp. subsp. Drosophila simulans (strain wRi) is an intracellular proteobacterium that infect insects as well as isopods, spiders, scorpions, mites, and filarial nematodes. It is maternally inherited and induces reproductive alterations of insect populations by male killing, feminization, parthenogenesis, or cytoplasmic incompatibility. In insect populations, Wolbachia sp. induce reproductive manipulations to enhance their own spreading. The most frequently observed reproductive abnormality is cytoplasmic incompatibility, where uninfected females are unable to produce offspring with infected males, whereas infected females can produce offspring with both infected and uninfected males, thus creating a reproductive advantage for infected females. Other spectacular effects of Wolbachia sp. infections are male embryo killing, feminization, and parthenogenesis induction.