Query: NC_007498:3655304 Pelobacter carbinolicus DSM 2380, complete genome Lineage: Pelobacter carbinolicus; Pelobacter; Pelobacteraceae; Desulfuromonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Pelobacter carbinolicus DSM 2380 was isolated from mud in Venice, Italy. Iron- and sulfur-reducing bacterium. Pelobacter carbinolicus is commonly isolated from marine and freshwater sediments, and sewage sludge. This organism can make up a significant portion of the anaerobic microbial community in these environments. Pelobacter carbinolicus is also able to grow using iron and sulfur as terminal electron acceptors. This organism is closely related to the sulfur-reducing Desulfuromonas spp. and iron-reducing Geobacter spp..
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.