Query: NC_004556:1442000 Xylella fastidiosa Temecula1, complete genome Lineage: Xylella fastidiosa; Xylella; Xanthomonadaceae; Xanthomonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This strain was isolated in 1998 from a naturally infected Californian, USA grapevine. This organism was first identified in 1993 as the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis, a disease that affects varieties of sweet oranges. Other strains of this species cause a range of diseases in mulberry, pear, almond, elm, sycamore, oak, maple, pecan and coffee which collectively result in multimillion dollar devastation of economically important plants. It does not contain a type III secretion system, but possesses genes for a type II secretion system for export of exoenzymes that degrade the plant cell wall and allow the bacterium to colonize the plant xylem. The cell produces an exopolysaccharide that is similar to the xanthan gum produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.
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General Information: This strain can suppress the diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum which affect cotton plants. The production of a number of antibiotics (pyrrolnitrin, pyoluteorin, and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol) as well as the production of siderophores (which may affect the ability of competing organisms to obtain environmental iron) by this strain can inhibit phytopathogen growth such as the above-mentioned fungi. The genome of this organism contains a number of genes, estimated at 5.7 % of the chromosome, that encode proteins that are involved in secondary metabolism. A large number of repeat elements (REP) are also found in the genome in greater numbers than in related Pseudomonas spp.