Query: NC_020389:2288541 Methanosarcina mazei Tuc01, complete genome Lineage: Methanosarcina mazei; Methanosarcina; Methanosarcinaceae; Methanosarcinales; Euryarchaeota; Archaea General Information: This organism is a strictly anaerobic, non-motile, methane-producing archaeon. This organism can also aggregate forming large irregular shaped clumps of cells. Occasionally these aggregates can grow to 1000 microns or more in diameter. Growth occurs at pH 5.5-8.0, with optimum growth at pH 6.8-7.2. Growth occurs at pH 5.5-8.0, with optimum growth at pH 6.8-7.2. Can be found in decaying leaf litter, garden soil, sewage treatment sludge digestors, black mud, feces of herbivores and other urban waste and sewage products.
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General Information: This is the type strain (DSM 4304) of the Archaeoglobales, and was isolated from a geothermally heated sea floor at Vulcano Island, Italy. Doubling time is four hours under optimal conditions. The organism is an autotrophic or organotrophic sulfate/sulfite respirer. An additional distinguishing characteristic is blue-green fluorescence at 420 nm. This bacterium is the first sulfur-metabolizing organism to have its genome sequence determined. Growth by sulfate reduction is restricted to relatively few groups of prokaryotes; all but one of these are Eubacteria, the exception being the archaeal sulfate reducers in the Archaeoglobales. These organisms are unique in that they are only distantly related to other bacterial sulfate reducers, and because they can grow at extremely high temperatures. The known Archaeoglobales are strict anaerobes, most of which are hyperthermophilic marine sulfate reducers found in hydrothermal environments. High-temperature sulfate reduction by Archaeoglobus species contributes to deep subsurface oil-well 'souring' by iron sulfide, which causes corrosion of iron and steel in oil-and gas-processing systems.