Query: NC_017095:1333810 Fervidobacterium pennivorans DSM 9078 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Fervidobacterium pennivorans; Fervidobacterium; Thermotogaceae; Thermotogales; Thermotogae; Bacteria General Information: Country: Italy; Environment: Hot spring, Mud, Sediment; Isolation: hot mud of spa; Temp: Thermophile; Temp: 65C. This organism is an extreme thermophilic member of the Thermotogales and has the characteristic morphology of one or more cells contained in a sheath-like envelope which extends beyond the cell wall. This organism produces a protease which is able to degrade keratin.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.