Query: NC_016937:24654 Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis TI0902 chromosome, Lineage: Francisella tularensis; Francisella; Francisellaceae; Thiotrichales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This organism was first identified by Edward Francis as the causative agent of a plague-like illness that affected squirrels in Tulare county in California in the early part of the 20th century. The organism now bears his name. The disease, which has been noted throughout recorded history, can be transmitted to humans by infected ticks or deerflies, infected meat, or by aerosol, and thus is a potential bioterrorism agent. This organism has a high infectivity rate, and can invade phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells, multiplying rapidly. Once within a macrophage, the organism can escape the phagosome and live in the cytosol. It is an aquatic organism, and can be found living inside protozoans, similar to what is observed with Legionella.
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General Information: Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323 is a human isolate and is the type strain. This organism has been shown to have probiotic activities such as production of bacteriocins, macrophage stimulation and adherence to intestinal tissues. Normal gastrointestinal bacterium. They are commonly found in the oral, vaginal, and intestinal regions of many animals. They are important industrial microbes that contribute to the production of cheese, yogurt, and other products such as fermented milks, all stemming from the production of lactic acid, which inhibits the growth of other organisms as well as lowering the pH of the food product. Industrial production requires the use of starter cultures, which are carefully cultivated, created, and maintained, which produce specific end products during fermentation that impart flavor to the final product, as well as contributing important metabolic reactions, such as the breakdown of milk proteins during cheese production. The end product of fermentation, lactic acid, is also being used as a starter molecule for complex organic molecule syntheses. Lactobacillus gasseri is a rod-shaped, gram-positive anaerobe. Of the lactobacilli, it is the most amenable to DNA introduction and manipulation which should prove useful in the functional genomic analysis of this species. It has been shown to be an effective probiotic in suppressing Helicobacter pylori infections in humans.