Query: NC_016887:1035458 Nocardia cyriacigeorgica GUH-2, complete genome Lineage: Nocardia cyriacigeorgica; Nocardia; Nocardiaceae; Actinomycetales; Actinobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Isolated from a fatal human nocardiosis case at Washington DC, USA in the 1970s. Human pathogen. Nocardia cyriacigeorgica is a filamentous actinobacteria, frequently isolated from diseased human and animal tissues. N. cyriacigeorgica is the most prevalent species responsible for nocardiosis in North America, while placing fourth in France.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.