Query: NC_014914:1092546 Taylorella equigenitalis MCE9 chromosome, complete genome Lineage: Taylorella equigenitalis; Taylorella; Alcaligenaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This strain was isolated in 2005 from the urethral fossa of a 4-year-old stallion from a stud farm in the Haute-Savoie, France. This species is a microaerophilic Gram-negative coccobacillus, classified in the Alcaligenaceae family. It is the causative agent of the contagious equine metritis (CEM), a sexually-transmitted infection of horses first reported in 1977, and actually detected in many countries and in various breeds of horses. CEM is characterized in infected mares by abundant mucopurulent vaginal discharge and a variable degree of vaginitis, endometritis and cervicitis that usually result in temporary infertility, whereas no clinical signs have been observed in stallions.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.