Query: NC_012781:751757 Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656, complete genome Lineage: Eubacterium rectale; Eubacterium; Eubacteriaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 was isolated from human feces. This genus has been isolated as normal flora from feces, rumen, and periodontal tissue. Eubacterium spp. are thought to play a beneficial role in maintaining the normal ecology of the large intestine, in part by producing chemicals like butyric acid which act to inhibit the growth of other bacteria. These organisms are occasionally isolated from wounds and abscesses and may be an opportunistic pathogen. This genus has also been isolated from sewage and soil.
- Sequence; - BLASTN hit (Low score = Light, High score = Dark) - hypothetical protein; - cds: hover for description
General Information: This well studied laboratory strain (Porton isolate) is not virulent due to the loss of the two plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2. Under starvation conditions this group of bacteria initiate a pathway that leads to endospore formation, a process that is thoroughly studied and is a model system for prokaryotic development and differentiation. Spores are highly resistant to heat, cold, dessication, radiation, and disinfectants, and enable the organism to persist in otherwise inhospitable environments. Under more inviting conditions the spores germinate to produce vegetative cells. This organism was the first to be shown to cause disease by Dr. Louis Pasteur (the organism, isolated from sick animals, was grown in the laboratory and then used to infect healthy animals and make them sick). This organism was also the first for which an attenuated strain was developed as a vaccine. Herbivorous animals become infected with the organism when they ingest spores from the soil whereas humans become infected when they come into contact with a contaminated animal. PA/LF and PA/EF complexes are internalized by host cells where the LF (metalloprotease) and EF (calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase) components act. At high levels LF induces cell death and release of the bacterium while EF increases host susceptibility to infection and promotes fluid accumulation in the cells.