Query: NC_011901:3072817 Thioalkalivibrio sulfidophilus HL-EbGr7 chromosome, complete Lineage: Thioalkalivibrio sulfidophilus; Thioalkalivibrio; Ectothiorhodospiraceae; Chromatiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Obligately chemolithoautotrophic, haloalkaliphilic, mesophilic, microaerophilic and sulfur-oxidizing bacterium. Uses CO2 as a carbon source and reduced inorganic sulfur compounds as an energy source. Utilizes ammonium and urea, but not nitrate or nitrite, as a N-source. Isolated from a full-scale Thiopaq bioreactor in the Netherlands used to remove H2S from biogas. Thioalkalivibrio species are commonly isolated from soda lakes and tend to dominate the microbial community of hypersaline soda lakes. These organisms have a pH optimum of 10 and are able to oxidize hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. Thioalkalivibrio species have also been isolated from sulfide oxidizing bioreactors which remove sulfide from refinery and natural gas.
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General Information: This subspecies (IIIa) is usually found associated with reptiles, although contact with infected animals can result in the spread of the organism to humans or animals such as turkeys. This strain was originally isolated from a cornsnake in 1986 in Oregon, USA. Causes enteric infections. This group of Enterobactericiae have pathogenic characteristics and are one of the most common causes of enteric infections (food poisoning) worldwide. They were named after the scientist Dr. Daniel Salmon who isolated the first organism, Salmonella choleraesuis, from the intestine of a pig. The presence of several pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that encode various virulence factors allows Salmonella spp. to colonize and infect host organisms. There are two important PAIs, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that encode two different type III secretion systems for the delivery of effector molecules into the host cell that result in internalization of the bacteria which then leads to systemic spread.