Query: NC_010803:2444120 Chlorobium limicola DSM 245, complete genome
Lineage: Chlorobium limicola; Chlorobium; Chlorobiaceae; Chlorobiales; Chlorobi; Bacteria
General Information: Isolated from Gilroy Hot Spring. The green sulfur bacteria (GSB; Phylum Chlorobi ) are commonly found in illuminated, stratified, and anoxic aquatic environments, sediments, and other sulfide-rich environments including hot springs. This bacterium has been used to model a variety of enzyme and reaction center pathways, including ATP-citrate lyase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and the reverse Krebs cycle used in photosynthesis. Now called the "reductive carbolic acid cycle", this was found to be the sole carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in other green sulfur bacteria since its discovery.
Subject: NC_012560:582011 Azotobacter vinelandii DJ, complete genome
Lineage: Azotobacter vinelandii; Azotobacter; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.