Query: NC_009922:542500 Alkaliphilus oremlandii OhILAs, complete genome Lineage: Alkaliphilus oremlandii; Alkaliphilus; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria General Information: Arsenate-reducing bacterium. Alkaliphilus oremlandii was isolated from Ohio River sediment, USA. This organism can reduce arsenate to arsenite, making it a potential bioremediation agent. It is a versatile strict anaerobic, spore-forming, low G+C gram positive bacterium that can ferment glycerol, fructose, and lactate, as well as respire arsenate and thiosulfate.
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General Information: Country: United Kingdom; Environment: Ponds; Isolation: Water, most likely pond, Cambridge, UK, 1939; Temp: Mesophile. They form long filaments and can be found worldwide in various aquatic environments as well as some terrestrial ones. These bacteria can form a variety of differentiated cell types, including spore-like cells (akinetes), small motile filaments (hormongia) and most importantly, heterocysts that are nitrogen-producing cells. The heterocyst produces multiple layers outside of its cell wall, shuts down photosystem II in order to inhibit oxygenic photosynthesis and ramps up metabolism in order to use up the oxygen present. Heterocysts donate fixed nitrogen compounds as amino acids to neighboring cells and in return receive a photosynthetically produced carbon source such as sucrose. These organisms produce toxic blooms in aquatic environments that are harmful or fatal to animals and humans due to the various cyanotoxins they produce.