Query: NC_009342:1570000 Corynebacterium glutamicum R chromosome, complete genome
Lineage: Corynebacterium glutamicum; Corynebacterium; Corynebacteriaceae; Actinomycetales; Actinobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: This strain was isolated from meadow soil in Japan. Soil bacterium with industrial uses. They may be found as members of the normal microflora of humans, where these bacteria find a suitable niche in virtually every anatomic site. This organism is a well-studied soil bacterium of considerable importance in biotechnology, in particular for the fermentative production of L-amino acids for food and fodder industry. The name was originaly given for this species for its ability to produce significant quantities (>100 g per liter) of glutamic acid (glutamate), an important food enhancer that has a meaty taste and flavor. C. glutamicum is currently used commercially to produce glutamate and other amino acids (L-lysine) and compounds. The first strain of the species was isolated in 1957 by S. Kinoshita and colleagues while searching for an efficient glutamate-producer.
Subject: NC_013714:1028569 Bifidobacterium dentium Bd1, complete genome
Lineage: Bifidobacterium dentium; Bifidobacterium; Bifidobacteriaceae; Bifidobacteriales; Actinobacteria; Bacteria
General Information: Common oral and gut bacterium. Representatives of this genus naturally colonize the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and are important for establishing and maintaining homeostasis of the intestinal ecosystem to allow for normal digestion. Their presence has been associated with beneficial health effects, such as prevention of diarrhea, amelioration of lactose intolerance, or immunomodulation. The stabilizing effect on GIT microflora is attributed to the capacity of bifidobacteria to produce bacteriocins, which are bacteriostatic agents with a broad spectrum of action, and to their pH-reducing activity. Most of the ~30 known species of bifidobacteria have been isolated from the mammalian GIT, and some from the vaginal and oral cavity. All are obligate anaerobes belonging to the Actinomycetales, branch of Gram-positive bacteria with high GC content that also includes Corynebacteria, Mycobacteria, and Streptomycetes. Bifidobacterium dentium species represents over forty strains which were isolated from human dental caries and human feces.