Query: NC_008609:708886 Pelobacter propionicus DSM 2379, complete genome Lineage: Pelobacter propionicus; Pelobacter; Pelobacteraceae; Desulfuromonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Common environmental anaerobe. The genus Pelobacter encompasses a unique group of fermentative microorganisms in the delta-proteobacteria. This species is ubiquitous in both marine and fresh water, and in anaerobic sedmiments. It is able to convert the unsaturated hydrocarbon acetylene to to acetate and ethanol via acetylaldehyde as an intermediate. These microorganisms may survive in some sediments as an Fe(III) or elemental sulfur reducer as well as growing fermentatively as an ethanol-oxidizing acetogen.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.