Query: NC_008254:2728693 Mesorhizobium sp. BNC1, complete genome Lineage: Chelativorans; Chelativorans; Phyllobacteriaceae; Rhizobiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This organism was isolated from a mixed-culture enriched from sewage using the chelating agent EDTA (binds divalent cations - ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. EDTA is often found at toxic waste sites where it is bound to metals and radionuclides, which affects bioremediation efforts. This bacterium is capable of EDTA degradation by itself.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.