Query: NC_007797:441782 Anaplasma phagocytophilum HZ, complete genome Lineage: Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Anaplasma; Anaplasmataceae; Rickettsiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Isolated from a patient in New York, USA, in 1995. This organism is a tick-borne (Ixodesspp.) obligate intracellular pathogen that infects humans and causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis as well as infecting several other types of animals. This organism produces a number of pathogenic factors that aid virulence. These include specific adhesins for neutrophils, virulence factors that inhibit both phagosome-lysozome fusion and production of reactive oxygen species that would normally kill the bacterium. The bacterium also inhibits programmed cell death of the neutrophil (apoptosis) and induces expression of interleukin-8, which causes neutrophil chemotaxis, thereby increasing the spread of the bacterium throughout the host organism.
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General Information: This strain is the first isolate of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, which was obtained from a patient on an army base in Arkansas, USA in 1990. Causes disease in humans. This organism is an obligate intracellular pathogen that exists within vacuoles in the cytoplasm of monocytes or granulocytes. Transferred during an insect (tick) bite, it can cause disease in humans (human monocytic ehrlichiosis) and can reside in several other animals and is a problem in immunocompromised patients. The bacterium inhibits phagosome-lysozome fusion as well as programmed cell death (apoptosis) of the host cell, similar to what is observed with Anaplasma phagocytophilum.